Chemotherapy is a treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be used to treat any type of cancer, but it may not work for all types. Learn about chemotherapy side-effects, how it works, and what to expect during treatment.
How is chemotherapy administered to patients?
- Oral
Capsules, pills, tablets or liquids - Intravenous
Administered directly into the bloodstream through a vein using an IV - InjectionI
Injected into a major vein through a cannula/central line or through a drip, a bag containing the drugs that will enter your bloodstream at a fixed drip rate - Intraperitoneal
Injected directly into the peritoneal cavity in the abdomen, which carries the liver, stomach and intestines - Intra-arterial
Dispensed directly in the artery having direct blood flow to the cancerous area in the body - Topical
Can be applied as a cream, directly on the surface of skin
Why do you need chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy is prescribed as the primary mode of treatment for the following diseases or conditions:
- Cancer
- Bone marrow diseases
- Immune system disorders
When do you need chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy is often used in the following conditions:
- For shrinkage of the cancer before surgery or radiotherapy
- To stop cancer from relapsing after surgery or radiotherapy
- To treat cancer that has spread aggressively to other parts of the body
- To control the symptoms of cancer, improve quality of life of patients with advanced cancer
- As a standalone treatment in the case of bone marrow disorders and immune system disorders
What are the risks involved with undergoing chemotherapy?
Temporary side-effects:
- Nausea,
- Vomiting
- Hair loss
- Headaches
- Weakness
Long-term risks:
- Damage to vital organs like heart, kidneys, liver, etc.
- Risk of developing a second cancer
- Fertility problems
- Damage to body’s healthy cells that get targeted along with cancer cells
How do you prepare to undergo chemotherapy?
- Undergoing blood tests and scans to make sure that the body is able to cope with the side-effects of the treatment.
- A blood count test to make sure that blood count is normal - if not, chemotherapy will be delayed.
- Blood tests to check the functioning capacity of kidneys and liver as most chemotherapy drugs will be deposited in these organs.
- Scans are recommended to choose the best form of treatment.
From the patient’s end:- Undergo counselling before the onset of treatment if they are anxious
- Eat foods that can be easily digested
- Arrange for help from friends and family, as they will need it more than ever
- Be prepared to face any side effects
What does recovery entail?
- Tracking the medical progress regularly
- Reviewing the effectiveness of the treatment with regular scans and blood tests.
- Make sure to avoid contracting infections as the body’s immunity is compromised during treatment
- Get adequate rest
- Meditate and engage in light activity so that blood flow is maintained as this is crucial for recovery